Everything about The Small Asian Mongoose totally explained
The
Small Asian Mongoose (
Herpestes javanicus), also known as the
Indian Mongoose,
Small Indian Mongoose, or the
Javan Mongoose, is a species of
mongoose found in the wild in South and Southeast Asia. It has also been introduced to various parts of the world.
Distribution and habitat
This species occurs naturally throughout most of southern mainland Asia, from Iraq to China, as well as on the island of Java, at altitudes up to 2200 m. It has also been introduced to dozens of islands in the Pacific and Caribbean, and a few in the Indian Ocean and Mediterranean, as well as to mainland Venezuela. It is capable of living among fairly dense human populations.
Mongooses lives in scrublands and dry forest. On Pacific Islands they live in rainforests as well.
Diet
These mongooses mostly eat insects but are opportunistic feeders and will eat crabs, frogs, spiders, scorpions, snakes, and birds.
Behavior and reproduction
Mongooses are mostly solitary although males will sometimes form social groups and share burrows. Pregnancy duration is up to 49 days. A litter can consist of 2-5 young.
Introduction to Hawaii
The 1800s were a huge century for sugar cane, and plantations shot up on many tropical islands including
Hawai'i and
Jamaica. With sugar cane came rats, attracted to the sweet plant, which ended up causing crop destruction and loss. In 1872,
W.B. Espeut, in an attempt to control the rising rat populations, brought the Small Asian Mongoose from
Calcutta to Jamaica. A paper published by Espeut that praised the results intrigued Hawaiian plantation owners who, in 1883, brought 72 mongooses from Jamaica to the Hamakua Coast on the Big Island. These were raised and their offspring were shipped to plantations on other islands.
Only the islands of
Lana'i and
Kaua'i are (thought to be) free of mongooses. There are two conflicting stories of why Kaua'i was spared. The first is that the residents of Kaua'i were opposed to having the animals on the island and when the ship carrying the offspring reached Kaua'i, the animals were thrown overboard and drowned. A second story tells that on arriving on Kaua'i one of the mongooses bit a dockworker who, in a fit of anger, threw the caged animals into the harbor to drown.
Invasive species
The mongoose introduction didn't have the desired effect of rat control. The mongoose hunted
birds and bird
eggs threatening many local island species. The mongooses bred prolifically with males becoming sexually mature at 4 months and females producing litters of 2-5 pups a year.
Mongooses can also carry
leptospirosis and these can contaminate water supplies.
Further Information
Get more info on 'Small Asian Mongoose'.
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